Person Authentication Using Brain Waves Evoked by Individual-related and Imperceptible Visual Stimuli

Person authentication using biometric information has become increasingly popular owing to the fact that continuous authentication is required in most user management systems. This study introduces an individual-related stimulus, instead of common stimuli, to improve the verification performance based on biometric authentication using brain waves evoked by imperceptible visual stimulation. Imperceptible visual stimulation is considered over visual stimulation to overcome obstacles that a user may face when using a system. Compared with previous studies that used circular figures as common stimuli, herein, we ensured a higher evoked response by using individual face image stimulation. Imperceptible stimuli were confirmed by changing the image intensity and presenting a high-speed stimulation. Individual imperceptible face image stimulation confirmed that the following event-related potential (ERP) components: N 170, N 250, and N 400 were obtained. Furthermore, by using various time zones, including the ERP components as features, we verified the performance of eight subjects and achieved an equal error rate (EER) of 6.2%.