A Deep Neural Network Modeling Methodology for Extraction of RLGC Parameters in µ-wave and mm-wave Transmission Lines

Transmission line geometry is one of the most criti-cal aspects of high-speed digital and radio frequency (RF) printed circuit board (PCB) design. While relatively simple equation-based methods exist to estimate transmission line parameters such as characteristic impedance, they do not hold accuracy beyond certain structural limitations such as track width to dielectric thickness ratios. Electromagnetic field solvers have become far more common in recent times and can deliver exceptional accuracy with relatively low computational cost. This paper describes a proof-of-concept neural net which utilizes five input parameters of an uncoated microstrip transmission line and is able to output the per-unit-length equivalent resistance, inductance, conductance, and capacitance (RLGC) parameters. The goal of a deep-learning based transmission line tool is to enable accurate microstrip and stripline PCB trace design with computation speeds which allow the engineer to compute hundreds or thousands of iterations in a short period of time with commodity hardware. The final model calculates characteristic impedance with less than ±1.33 Ω error for 100,000 swept samples when the samples are within the middle 90% range of the training data and with a computation speed increase of 14.5 times faster than the benchmark field solver.