Swarm Optimization based PV Array Re-configuration to Achieve Higher GMPP during Partial Shadowing Situations

The detrimental effects on the efficiency of solar photovoltaic (PV) panels caused by non-uniform irradiation levels, like partial shading scenarios (PSCs), are studied in this paper. In this perspective, a characterization technique is introduced for investigating more than one power maxima, such as global maximum power point (GMPP) and local maximum power point (LMPP), using power-voltage (P-V) curves. In order to reduce the shadowing impact, a reshuffled approach of PV panels in an array format is used, which improves shade distribution across the whole PV array. There are alternative strategies depending on game theory, but because of the increased wire length necessity, optimization methods are becoming more prevalent. When compared to standard PV module setups like series-parallel (SP) and total-cross tied (TCT), the Rao optimization algorithm (ROA) focused PV module arrangements show efficient shade scattering for every shadowing circumstance. Under partially shaded conditions, performance evaluation is done to determine the effectiveness of the suggested idea with respect to power and voltage at GMPP, PL, and FF. The research was carried out completely in the MATLAB/Simulink environment.