Compact Circular Polarized Fractal Antenna Array for Vehicle Communication Systems

A left-handed circular polarization (LHCP) fractal antenna array was designed and presented in this work focused on applications in vehicular communication systems in the 5.85–5.925 GHz frequency range, the array was developed based on the IEEE802.11p standard. The new geometry used as element array was generated in MATLAB™, using Koch fractal transformation in the complex plane. The transmission line antenna was fed by a connected to a underneath each fractal rotated truncated rectangular patch element of the array to generate circular polarization. The bandwidth the circularly polarized array is equal 72.5 MHz at 5.88 GHz, with on axial ratio of 0.22 dB. The compact dimensions of the array were optimized for applications in road units RSUs. Double layer dielectric substrate with a permittivity of 10.20 and a thickness of 1.27 mm was used on the design. The first results were obtained using ANSYS Designer™ full wave simulation software.