Analysis of Pol-SAR Images from Lunar Intermediately Degraded Craters with Numerical Simulation

The circular polarization ratio (CPR) was defined in compact-polarization (pol) mode as an indicator of water-ice in lunar PSR (permanently shadowed region). CPR is a composite pol-parameter described by co-pol and cross-pol scattering components, which caused by surface roughness and rocky objects on surface. In this paper, CPR is derived with linear-pol and circular-pol scattering components. Radar echoes from different rough surfaces are numerically simulated with the bidirectional analytic ray tracing (BART) method. The CPR, degree of polarization
$(m)$
and the relative phase
$(\delta)$
are numerically presented. As an example, Mini-RF radar images of the PSR crater Hermite-Band no- PSR crater Byrgius C are analyzed to illustrate how the roughness lead to different CPRs inside and outside the intermediately degraded craters.