Research on Cobot Action Decision-Making Method Based on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set and Game Theory

The bounded rational properties of humans in human-robot collaboration (HRC) is a fundamental reason for collisions in proximity HRC. As HRC scenarios in manufacturing become increasingly popular, robot action decision-making needs to consider such properties of humans. In previous studies, humans are usually regarded as rational agents whose behaviors are predictable and planned. Still, humans are susceptible to distractions caused by external disturbances, and different cognitive processes of the task can produce unpredictable behaviors. To better simulate human bounded rational behavior, based on an intuitionistic fuzzy (IF) multi-attribute decision algorithm, we propose a cobot action decision-making method that integrates human intention, safety, and efficiency, to produce a human-like decision. We use the IF set to calculate the score and accuracy values of two Nash equilibria of a static chicken game, which can predict human action intentions with collision risk and provide optimal action decisions for the robot simultaneously. We generated 10,000 sets of data using the Monte Carlo method and validated the effectiveness of our proposed method by comparing it with MDP and POMDP methods. The results showed that the decision-making method could effectively perform the task of making action decisions for the robot. Simulation experiments and Turing test results show that our proposed method can predict a human’s subjective action decision intention in a situation with potential collision risk with 85.62% accuracy. At the same time, the experimental participants believe that the robot can get 4.83 out of 5 satisfaction points for an action decision.