A Portable Microwave Intracranial Hemorrhage Imaging System Based on PSO-MCKD-CEEMDAN Method

A novel signal processing method to directly extract the hemorrhage response signals using the maximum correlation kurtosis deconvolution (MCKD) technique and complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition (CEEMDAN) algorithm is proposed in this article. This method only needs to acquire the raw data measured one time, which saves a lot of time in data acquisition. In emergency cases, a shorter time in detection means a better prognosis and better life for the patients. A portable microwave brain hemorrhage imaging system comprising a portable vector network analyzer (VNA), a small-sized antenna array (30 mm
$\times $
30.5 mm of each antenna), a flexible substrate, simple structure, and wideband (0.5–6 GHz) is established by applying this proposed signal processing method. The preliminary results from the experiments on the head phantom demonstrate the capability and effectiveness of this proposed method. Final results show that the proposed portable microwave imaging system can successfully detect brain hemorrhage with a size of 17 mm in diameter. The robustness of the proposed method is verified by successfully detecting the brain hemorrhage with a size of 20 mm in diameter.