Optimized Operation of Virtual Power Plant Considering Multi-energy Demand Response under Carbon Trading Mechanism

Virtual power plant (VPP) aggregates large quantities of distributed energy resources (DERs), as well as flexible loads. The comprehensive consideration of demand response (DR) and carbon emissions has considerable significance in improving the VPP operation from the perspective of economy and low carbon. In this paper, a novel VPP model of considering multi-energy DR under carbon trading mechanism is studied. First, the energy flow mechanism of VPP is presented, and multi-energy demand response model considering reducible load, shiftable load and convertible load is introduced in VPP. Second, a carbon trading mechanism is proposed for VPP to purchase or sell carbon emission rights. Finally, a low-carbon economic dispatching model is proposed to achieve economic benefit and low carbon emission. Simulation results showed a 13.63% decrease in total cost for VPP and a 9.34% decrease in carbon emission.