Beam dynamics modeling by sub-three-dimensional particle-in-cell code

A sub-three-dimensional particle-in-cell (sub-3D PIC) code to simulate the dynamics of high-current charged particle beams is introduced. Important features of this new formulation are the reduced computational times and memory demands even when modeling the evolution of a general three-dimensional (3D) particle ensemble. The limitations due to the approximate self-consistency of the model are discussed.