Design of Multiresonance Flexible Antenna Array Applicator for Breast Cancer Hyperthermia Treatment

Hyperthermia therapy has recently become one of the primary treatment principles due to its prominence and success in curing deep-rooted malignancies, especially for breast tumors. Therefore, a proposed multi-resonance applicator (MRA) was designed and investigated in this study and compared with the performance of a single resonance applicator (SRA). The MRA applicator includes a set of 35 antenna elements operating simultaneously in different frequency bands. This is accomplished by applying a modified version of the gravitational search algorithm hybridized with particle swarm optimization to design the antenna element and focusing the heat on the tumor. Machine learning was used to build antenna elements operating in different frequency bands. Several scenarios considering realistic thermal and dielectric breast properties with a single tumor of different volumes and positions are addressed to evaluate the applicator’s performance and capability. The results showed the capability of the proposed MRA applicator to use a microwave power of 60 watts to elevate the temperature of the tumor to over 42.5° C with better performance indicators than SRA. The suggested methodology of using MRA can be considered to treat successfully other malignancies in different organs, such as brain, liver and larynx tumors.