Modeling and Analysis of Multi-terminal DC Grid for Renewable Energy Integration

High voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission has become a viable alternative to high voltage alternating current (HVAC) transmission for transmitting bulk power over longer distances due to several advantages, including lower transmission losses; the absence of reactive power; power flow control; lower power losses; fast fault clearance; and asynchronous interaction between the AC networks. The VSC-based HVDC system allows for the integration of other renewable energy sources into the electrical grid while also allowing for power flow reversal. The characteristics of VSC technology prompted the development of multi-terminal direct current (MTDC) grids. Interconnection between conventional power systems and other large-scale sources such as wind and solar systems is possible with an MTDC grid. The modular multilevel converters (MMCs) have become the popular technology for developing the VSC-MTDC system due to its salient features such as modularity and scalability. The work done in this paper was to implement renewable energy into the MTDC grid and measure the power flow in each transmission line as well as the four MMCs, as well as conduct some case studies with renewable energy implementation to see how the MTDC grid’s power behavior changed.