Design & Simulation of a PV system under varying temperatures for maximum power by considering the variation of efficiency with temperature in Simulink

Energy consumption is a prime factor to be addressed as our natural resources are depleting continuously and dependency is now shifted to alternative sources of renewable energy such as solar energy, wind energy etc. is needed to address the issue. Solar energy can be effectively used as an alternative source for power consumption. A solar panel system requires a proper battery charge controller so that it can balance the power which is flowing from PV system to battery for effective power utilization. A solar panel can produce maximum power at an operating limit called MPP (maximum power-point) for maximal efficiency. When the temperature of light falling on the PV system increases, the efficiency decreases, and the issue of temperature and efficiency will have to be equally considered when designing the control system of the solar panel system for maximum power and the amount of solar irradiance is equally necessary for maximizing power of the panels. An efficient charging technique is required to charge the battery with the MPPT algorithm to achieve maximum efficiency. A PO (Perturb and Observe) algorithm is implemented to obtain the maximum power from the solar panel to track the maximum power of the system and MPPT charge controller along with buck converter is implemented to charge the battery by drawing energy from the panel and prevent it from overcharging and high discharging current and to always check the state of charge of the battery to increase the efficiency and lifespan of the battery which will enhance energy capacity of panel making it more efficient in tracking more power for utilization. The results prove that the implemented solar MPPT charge controller increases the efficiency and keeps it constant continuously and this method provides greater efficiency for solar panel at different temperatures and safety for the battery.