Performance Evaluation of Converters used in G2V and V2G Modes of Operation

To enhance the reliability of supply, the V2G mode of operation is widely applied in electric vehicles. The V2G functionality is used to supply various services like regulation of active power demand, reactive power compensation, shaving peaks and filling valleys in load demand, frequency and voltage regulation, compensation of harmonics in grid current, improvement in system reliability, stability, and efficiency. The realization of V2G functionality is achieved with the help of three-phase bidirectional on-board chargers. This paper deals with the design and implementation of a three-phase on-board bidirectional fast charger used for electric vehicles (EV). The bidirectional on-board chargers include a front-end three-phase PWM converter, which is used to convert ac power into dc power, and dc-dc converter is required to supply regulated power to the battery of the EV. In this paper, the systematic procedure for the selection of passive components and tuning of the parameters of linear controllers of ac-dc and dc-dc converters during G2V and V2G modes of operations is discussed in detail. The design approach is validated with help of experimental results carried out on a laboratory prototype.