Mutual Decoupling for Massive MIMO Antenna Arrays by Using Triple-Layer Meta-Surface

The high isolation massive antenna arrays are the key devices in the base station of the future wireless communication systems. The challenge for the array application is how to reduce the coupling among the array elements. This paper introduces a new decoupling method for massive MIMO arrays with an inner-element distance of around half wavelength by using a triple-layer metasurface (TMS). The TMS comprises three identical surfaces. The waves reflected from the bottom metasurface (MS) and top two-layer MS have the same amplitudes and the opposite phases, which are canceled with each other. An example of
$4\times 4$
dual-polarized wideband microstrip array with a TMS is proposed to verify the decoupling method. The simulation and measurement show that the TMS can help reduce the coupling among the array elements to less than −24 dB in both the co-polarization and cross-polarization directions within 4.23-4.82 GHz. In the meanwhile, the radiation characteristics of the arrays with and without TMS are almost unchanged.