Sensing of Muscular Mouse Cells C2C12 from Seed Out to Electroporation - A Conceptional Study

In this paper, a sensing concept for the monitoring of electroporation of biological cells is presented. This concept includes sensing of all relevant steps during the electroporation of cells, that are the attachment process of the cells, monitoring temperature change during the poration and the differentiation between porated and unporated cells. Due to this, a biocompatible microwave sensor is presented, which is calibrated by using three liquids with known relative permittivities ε
r
. Moreover, the influence of noise are analyzed on the sensor measurements. A relative permittivity change of 2% to 6% reveals the dropping and attachment of C2C12 cells on the sensor surface. Further, a difference between unporated and porated cells of 0.4% is detected.