Rectangular Waveguide Characterization of Biaxial Material Using TM11 Mode

A novel measurement technique is presented to determine the electromagnetic parameters of a biaxial material loaded in the rectangular waveguide (RWG). For the first time, in this article, the TM
₁₁
waveguide mode is used as an incident filed for characterization. The electromagnetic parameters of the biaxial sample are obtained, minimizing the difference between the measured and the theoretically calculated scattering parameters. For this purpose, we theoretically calculate the reflection and transmission coefficients. A prototype of the measurement system is fabricated to validate the proposed approach. Subsequently, the proposed technique is used to experimentally characterize two types of biaxial materials. The validity and accuracy of the proposed method are verified by comparing the experimental results with those obtained by the conventional RWG method. The suggested technique eliminates the problem of preparing multiple samples and rotating them in the traditional waveguide method.