Protection and Relay Coordination Study in Solar Photovoltaic Integrated Hybrid Power System

Because of the penetration of renewable energy into the power system, the system will undergo significant changes, not only in terms of performance but also in terms of relay protection settings. It will disrupt existing relay coordination, perhaps preventing these relays from detecting a fault that is intended to be inside their protective zone. A considerable number of relay and circuit breaker sets must be placed in order to provide appropriate reliable protection and maintain the smooth operation of the electrical system. A suitable coordinated protection system with a predetermined sequence of action is necessary to isolate the malfunctioning zone from the remainder of the network. The primary protection relay must operate at the set time. If case of failure of primary protection, the backup protection shall be coordinated to isolate the faulty part. Using ETAP software, protection coordination is simulated in real time and the results are presented.