Sizing of battery power pack and performance analysis in an electric vehicle

Presently, electric vehicles (EVs) are very popular in the vehicle industry. EVs are more efficient and environmental friendly compared to traditional gasoline-powered vehicles. The main source of energy is batteries and the rechargeable batteries are required for powering electric vehicles. Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are popular due to reduced prices and lightweight with high power density as compared to other batteries. The basic simulation-based iterative method of battery sizing is used to introduce the battery-powered EV model. Finally, as a systematic iterative strategy, a simple algorithm is proposed. Battery management system (BMS) is employed to maximize the use and protection of batteries. The BMS also maintains cell balance and avoids overcharging and over-discharging. In an electric vehicle power train, the battery pack is the major energy storage component which needs precise monitoring and control. A reliable battery model is chosen for estimating the important strategies of battery such as the battery state of charge (SOC), state of health (SOH), and remaining capacity. An equivalent circuit modeling (ECM) is used for battery numerical analysis. The modeling is done by using MATLAB/Simulink.