Smart Energy Management System for University Campus using Sine-Cosine Optimization Algorithm

We are living in the age of electricity, and it has become an essential part of our lives. We generate power in power stations, which are then transmitted to users for usage. The power that is generated at power stations are fixed and can be increased only through the replacement of the whole structure and this is not a feasible solution to be repeated multiple times, because of many issues that retain it from doing this. So in order to use the generated power efficiently, smart grids play a significant role in minimizing electricity consumption and cost through Demand Side Management (DSM). Smart homes, a specific portion of smart grid performs a very significant role in minimizing cost and consumption via scheduling home appliances. As a result, user waiting time will increase. This scheduling problem is viewed as an optimization problem in this work. An efficient scheme called the Sine-Cosine algorithm (SCA) is being employed in this work. The proposed scheme is implemented on the campus load of a university. Which contains a variety of appliances that are scheduled using the SCA technique. The simulations produced extremely beneficial results in terms of Peak to Average Ratio (PAR) and electricity cost reductions, while keeping an appropriate threshold ratio between the cost of electricity i.e. electrical bill and waiting time of users i.e. user's comfort.