Butterfly Optimization Algorithm for PV Array Reconfiguration to Achieve Higher GMP during PSCs

Uneven irradiation, such as partial shadowing, can have a bad effect on SPV system efficiency (PSCs). Using power-voltage (P-V) characteristics, describe a characterization approach for investigating numerous power peaks, such as the global maximum power point (GMPP) and local maximum power point (LMPP). In order to reduce the shading effect, a reshuffling method of PV modules is used in an array system, which improves shade dispersion throughout the entire PV array. There are distinct ways based on game theory accessible, however, due to the high wire length requirements, optimization techniques are becoming more prevalent. When compared to standard PV arrangements such as series-parallel (SP) and total-cross, the butterfly optimization (BO) technique displays effective shade dispersion for all shading circumstances. Using shading scenarios, the proposed concept is evaluated in terms of power and voltage at GMPP, PL, and FF levels. MATLAB/Simulink is used exclusively for this investigation.