Optimal Substation Planning Considering Demand Response and Energy Storage System Based on Mesh Distribution Networks Planning Framework

The substation planning method in mesh planning framework is mainly determined by power and energy balance between substations and loads in the mesh area. Due to the integration of massive DG and various loads, demand response (DR) and energy storage system (ESS) become important elements in distribution networks. Therefore, characteristics of net load have become very complex. It is necessary to design a novel method for substation planning. And the interactive relationship between substation, DR and ESS let the substation planning be a coordinated optimization problem. In this paper, an optimal substation planning considering DR and ESS is proposed. Firstly, the operation and cost models of substation, demand response and energy storage system are formulated. Then, a coordinated optimal planning method based on power and energy balance is proposed, which can be transformed as a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model. A real distribution network in eastern China is used to verify the effectiveness of the method proposed in this paper.