Business ecosystem of local flexibility platforms with corresponding business models in a digital energy system

A digital energy system requires innovative Information Communication Technology (ICT) tools that support different types of flexible energy sources and their interactions in novel local flexibility markets within the electricity sector. This paper provides a business ecosystem overview of different stakeholders looking to manage and participate in local flexibility markets. The paper also describes ICT tools developed to facilitate the operations of these stakeholders. The focus is on specific features and the value propositions delivered to different actors in the business ecosystem. In addition, the paper brings an overview of the business models associated with these innovative ICT tools and corresponding business cases for important actors of flexibility markets. In sum, the paper gives an overview of key aspects that should be considered in the development of efficient and resilient energy systems with flexible energy resources.