Design and Characterization of a Planar Structure Wideband Millimeter-Wave Antenna With Wide Beamwidth for Wearable Off-Body Communication Applications

This letter presents the design of a planar single-layer wideband antenna featuring wide beamwidth has well as high and stable in-band gain. The proposed antenna is a planar monopole fed by a bottom-grounded coplanar waveguide to realize wide beamwidth in both the
xz
- and
yz
-planes. Simultaneous optimization of all adjustable antenna parameters, carried out at the full-wave electromagnetic simulation level. The constructive interference of the radiated fields resulting in impedance bandwidth of more than 2 GHz, from 27 to 29 GHz. Along with a stable realized gain (>11 dBi) in the operating frequency band. The proposed antenna maintains a directional radiation pattern in the broadside direction. Merging the radiated modes of the slots and the parasitic patch elements also extends the antenna beamwidth to roughly ±35° with respect to the broadside direction. Following a detailed theoretical analysis, the antenna is validated numerically and experimentally, both in the free space and on a human volunteer chest and arm.