Analyzing Poverty Rate Using ANOVA in Indonesia

Poverty is one of the major problems in most countries around the world, especially Indonesia. Many factors have caused poverty, such as low education level, low rate of income, and inequality. Based on the data from BPS Indonesia, the poverty rate in 2012 was 11.96% over the population and the poverty rate in 2020 was 9.84% over the population. Based on the data, the government has successfully decreased the poverty rate in Indonesia. This study is trying to analyze the poverty rate in Indonesia from 2012–2020 using ANOVA to look at the difference in the poverty rate from provinces and years as the subject whether the poverty rate in Indonesia is actually decreasing or not before the pandemic. The result showed the poverty rate in Indonesia is not change from 2012–2020 based on years by using one-way ANOVA. The result showed that F value is 0.877 and p-value is 0.535. The p-value is greater than
$a$
= 0.05 then do not reject H0. It showed that there is no difference between years in the poverty rate. If the result used the province as the subject in one-way ANOVA, it showed a significant differences between poverty rates in the provinces. Because the F value is 737.4 and p-value < 2 x 10-
¹⁶
• Then p-value is less than 0.05. It means that H0 is rejected. It can be concluded that the poverty rate in each province is different. It can be concluded that the poverty rate in Indonesia did not change significantly in 9 years. But the result of two way ANOVA showed that the year, province and interaction between year and province are significant. It means that the difference between year and province is impacting the poverty rate in Indonesia.