On Uncertainty Quantification for Convolutional Neural Network LiDAR Localization

In this paper, we develop and evaluate a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-based Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) localization algorithm that includes uncertainty quantification for ground vehicle navigation. This paper builds upon prior research where we used a CNN to estimate a rover’s position and orientation (pose) using LiDAR point clouds (PCs). This paper presents a simplification of the LiDAR PC processing and describes a new approach for outputting a covariance matrix in addition to the rover pose estimates. Performance assessment is carried out in a structured, static lab environment using a LiDAR-equipped rover moving along a fixed, repeated trajectory.