Optimization Design of Anti-offset Coupling Mechanism for WPT Systems Based on Genetic Algorithm

Wireless power transfer (WPT) technology can realize high-efficiency and high-power remote wireless power supply. In recent years, this technology has attracted more and more attention in the application of electric vehicles (EVs). However, due to the randomness of electric vehicle parking, it is difficult to ensure that the transmitter and receiver of WPT system do not deviate. The offset between transmitter and receiver will reduce the coupling coefficient of the system, so as to reduce the transmission efficiency of the system. Therefore, in the static wireless charging technology of electric vehicles, efficient and stable power and efficient transmission are one of the most important factors to be considered. Therefore, an anti-offset optimization design scheme of electric vehicle wireless charging coupling mechanism based on genetic algorithm is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the circuit model of double coil magnetic coupling WPT system is established, and the efficiency characteristics of electric vehicle wireless charging system are analyzed. Secondly, the magnetic field distribution of circular coil and square coil is compared. Based on genetic algorithm, a new non equidistant square transmitting coil is designed to realize the uniform distribution of magnetic field at a specific charging height. In addition, the receiving coil is optimized according to the spatial magnetic field distribution generated by the transmitting coil, and a three-dimensional helical receiving coil with unequal radius is proposed. The experimental results show that the electric vehicle wireless charging system has good anti offset ability and high efficiency output.