Synchrophasor-based Fault Location with Class M Fault Capture and Built-in Line Parameter Estimation

Synchrophasor measurements were not meant to capture fast electromagnetic transients. However, quite a few algorithms have already been proposed to make use of phasor measurement unit (PMU) data for fault location on overhead transmission lines. In most of the papers, there are solely mathematical models with little or no consideration of the real PMU behavior. Instead of pure modeling, this research employs a lab testbed with PMUs configured as "Class M" defined in IEEE C37.118. By using a number of impedance-based fault location expressions (this time–with current and voltage data from PMUs), it is shown that good estimates could be reached within at most four cycles into the fault. Since the fault location accuracy can be reduced by incorrect transmission line data, a new fault location method is developed with built-in line parameter estimation. Preliminary test results with Class M phasors from the lab equipment can be considered as promising.