Improved Model Predictive Current Control of the Versatile Buck-Boost Converter for a Photovoltaic Application

The digital implementation of all the control loops of a versatile buck-boost (VBB) dc–dc converter used in a stand-alone photovoltaic application is proposed in this paper to improve existing digital-analog sliding-mode-based implementations. All three control loops: maximum power point tracking (MPPT), fast input voltage regulation, and inner high-bandwidth current control, have been programmed in the same digital signal controller (DSC). A Model Predictive Control (MPC) based algorithm has satisfactorily solved the challenge of implementing the nominal 100 kHz switching frequency current loop. The MPC cost function is distributed throughout the algorithm to achieve three specific goals: the tracking of the reference current (G1), a quasi-constant steady-state switching frequency (G2), and the assurance that the duration of an interval is larger than the time required to calculate it (G3). The third goal requires the current control to toggle between peak- and valley-modes depending on the operating point. The correct fulfillment of these control objectives on the proposed MPC-based algorithm has been validated through simulations and experimental tests performed on a purpose built-prototype.