PMU Angle Deviation Detection and Correction Using Line Reactive Power Measurements

The phase angle difference between local voltage and current phasors from the phasor measurement unit (PMU), which is defined as the power factor angle (PFA), is sensitive to voltage and current transformer errors and signal transmission delay. This paper proposes a robust PFA deviation (PFAD) detection and correction method using transmission line (TL) reactive power. Specifically, the root cause of PFAD and its influence on the calculated power measurements from PMU are analyzed. Then, an expression for TL reactive power loss independent of phase angle is derived. This allows the development of a detection method for PFAD that takes into account PMU measurement errors and TL parameter deviation. A method for estimating PFAD is also proposed to correct the PFAD at both ends of a transmission line. Simulation results using both simulated and field data demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method.