Resiliency Metrics for Monitoring and Analysis of Cyber-Power Distribution System With IoTs

The electric grid operation is constantly threatened with natural disasters and cyber intrusions. The introduction of Internet of Things (IoT)-based distributed energy resources (DERs) in the distribution system provides opportunities for flexible services to enable efficient, reliable, and resilient operation. At the same time, IoT-based DERs comes with cyber vulnerabilities and requires cyber-power resiliency analysis of the IoT-integrated distribution system. This work focuses on developing metrics for monitoring resiliency of the cyber-power distribution system, while maintaining consumers’ privacy. Here, resiliency refers to the system’s ability to keep providing energy to the critical load even with adverse events. In the developed cyber-power distribution system resiliency (DSR) metric, the IoT trustability score (ITS) considers the effects of IoTs using a neural network with federated learning. ITS and other factors impacting resiliency are integrated into a single metric using fuzzy multiple-criteria decision making (F-MCDM) to compute primary-level node resiliency (PNR). Finally, DSR is computed by aggregating PNR of all primary nodes and attributes of distribution level network topology and vulnerabilities utilizing game-theoretic data envelopment analysis (DEA)-based optimization. The developed metrics will be valuable for: 1) monitoring the DSR considering a holistic cyber-power model; 2) enabling data privacy by not utilizing the raw user data; and 3) enabling better decision making to select the best possible mitigation strategies toward resilient distribution system. The developed ITS, PNR, and DSR metrics have been validated using multiple case studies for the IoTs-integrated IEEE 123 node distribution system with satisfactory results.