Antigenicity of genomic epidemiology concerning viral evolution and vaccine efficacy for SARS-COV-2- A review

Covid-19 and its continuously evolving viral variants continue to send shocking waves across the globe, with infections seeing a continuous surge in different parts of the world. Given the extensive mutations of the Covid-19 virus in the RBD region, the threat and capability of latent potential for infection through subsequent adaptation via antigenic drift cannot be overlooked. The current review study envisages the efficacy and reliability of vaccines for determining their cogency against different evolving strains of Covid-19. A total of 50 studies have been reviewed—further scrutiny for ensuring the efficiency of selected studies furnished only 13 articles of credible quality. The study concludes overall effectiveness of 95% with Pfizer-BioNTech followed by Moderna with an efficiency of 94% against B.1.1.7 and B.1.617.2. Oxford AstraZeneca is only 84% effective, followed by BBV152 and Janssen, which are yet to be approved for different settings owing to their adverse side effects.