Energy Detection Based Multi-Bands Spectrum Sensing Using Adaptive Threshold

The primary notion of cognitive radio (CR) focuses on a sensing technique, that is a significant operation in the process of discovering free holes in the licensed and unlicensed bands. To proclaim the free holes, energy detection (ED) is utilized in this work, which is classified as one of the detection methods. In this case, determining the value of the threshold is critical in determining the current PU's status. The probability of detection (Pd), and the probability of total error (Pte) are the sensing metrics used to evaluate the efficiency of the ED approach. This work presents a description and evaluation of a spectrum sensing (SS) system based on ED. In this study, conventional energy detectors and adaptive threshold energy detectors (a proposed approach) based on the average of the lowest and the highest energy bands were introduced. The simulation results indicate the adaptive threshold approach outperformed the conventional ED method at low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) values of less than (5dB). Computer simulations were performed using LabVIEW NXG.