Detection of Metanil Yellow Adulteration in Turmeric Powder Using Nano Nickel Cobalt Oxide Modified Graphite Electrode

A nickel cobalt oxide nanoparticle modified graphite paste electrode (NiCo
₂
O
₄
@GP) was developed to detect and quantify metanil yellow traces (MY) present in food particles and is presented in this paper. Nanoparticles of nickel cobalt oxide (NiCo
₂
O
₄
) were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealing 18.75 nm crystallite size and these nanoparticles were used to modify a graphite paste electrode. The performance of the fabricated electrodes was studied using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). NiCo
₂
O
₄
@GP displayed a wide linear range of 5 to 1000
$\mu \text{M}$
and a limit of detection of 100 nM under optimal experimental conditions. Additionally, NiCo
₂
O
₄
@GP was highly repeatable, reproducible, and stable over time. Despite interferences such as sodium, potassium, zinc ions, and curcumin, the NiCo
₂
O
₄
@GP electrode was observed to be highly selective for MY. When exposed to real turmeric powder samples, NiCo
₂
O
₄
@GP exhibited remarkable electrochemical behavior.