Miniature Circular Implantable antenna for Wireless Biomedical Applications

This paper presents a miniature circular implantable antenna suitable for biomedical applications. The suggested antenna operates in the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) bands at a frequency of 2.4–2.5 GHz. The proposed antenna design has been carried out using some methods of miniaturization. These methods are the use of a high-dielectric-constant substrate, a shorting pin, and slots in the radiation patch. To design and simulate the proposed antenna, the HFSS stimulator is utilized. Return losses, gain, and radiation pattern are estimated in one-layer and three-layer tissue models to demonstrate the performance of the proposed antenna. In order to observe the sensitivity of electromagnetic energy to human tissues, the specific absorption rate (SAR) for 1 g and 10 g in one and three layers is also determined.