Internet of Things Based Smart Energy Meter with Fault Detection Feature Using MQTT Protocol

Electricity has become the most important fundamental necessity of humans. It is very commonly used for domestic, agricultural and industrial purposes. The biggest problem in recent days is the mismanagement of consumption of electricity and protection of the machines and appliances. In countries like India, these situations are very common. If the anomalies are prevented and managed, a lot of energy can be saved and the appliances can be secured. This article describes the working of an IOT based automatic energy meter with billing and protection system using Arduino Uno, ESP8266 Wi-Fi module, ACS712 current sensors, ZMPT101B voltage sensor and MQTT protocol for communication with the user. This system displays energy consumed and the corresponding bill amount on the IO cloud which can be accessed by anyone with the key to the cloud. If the bill amount crosses a particular threshold amount, the information is communicated to the user through an email and does the same if there is an over-voltage across the load or line to ground fault. This system can replace the existing meters. This proposed system can monitor the meter readings, generate the bill amount and alert the user in cases of anomalies.