Cyber-Physical Forest Protection Systems, Part 1

The vast earth forests are burning in fire, and human beings cannot retard the fire in time. Therefore, a large area of the earth's lungs is removed because of the inability of forest protectors in turning the fire off and stopping the fire growth in the center of forests. The forest fires can be categorized into two separate categories which are environmental and humanmade causes. When there is no rain for several consecutive months, the dry trees foliage and branches are the available fuels to start a forest fire. In this condition, environmental events (e.g., lightning and volcanic activities) and humanmade fires like traditional tribal fires or carelessness camp-fires can be the sources of the initial fire for such fuels [1]. Literature has tried to introduce different protection and preventing systems to stop forest fires. Unfortunately, it could be claimed that the proposed methods have not been adequately useful in the protection of the jungles. For instance, an increase of over 80 percent in the same period of the last year for the fires of the Brazilian Amazon forest is reported by Brazil's National Institute for Space Research (INPE) [2]. Indonesia, Siberia, and Sub-Saharan fires are other annihilating fires in recent years [3]. Therefore, more studies are necessary to improve fire prognosis procedures and fire-retardant systems. Figure 1 shows a forest burning in fire.