Design of Compact E-Shaped Microstrip Patch Antenna for Wireless Body Area Network

Many researchers have been attracted to the topic of the wearable antenna as a result of the recent advent of Wireless Body Area Networks (WBAN). WBAN enables modern technological integration, miniaturization in electronics, and low power sensor nodes in and around the body to monitor and recognize physical changes in the human body and the surrounding environment. Body wearable antennas, however, have certain design problems because most applications demand antennas to have been lightweight, reliable, and low-profile. The microstrip patch antenna has also made a significant contribution to wearable technology. This paper presents an Eshape slotted microstrip wearable antenna. The substrate material is FR-4, which has 4.3 relative permittivity and is 1.7 mm thick. The designed antenna has a -28.7dB return loss, 224 MHz bandwidth, 4.83 dB directivity, and a lower SAR of 0.383 W/Kg. Hence this antenna is acceptable for on-body use. The proposed rectangular patch antenna, which works at 2.45 GHz, is designed using CST Microwave Studio. The VSWR is 1.01, which is acceptable for matching impedances at 2.45 GHz. The antenna measurements are 21 mm x31 mm x1.7 mm. The designed antenna is compact in size, flexible, and provides better performance parameters than the existing antennas and makes the antenna ideal for health monitoring applications.