Computation of Fundamental Bounds for Antennas

Fundamental bounds play an important role in antenna design. Using method of moments and electric field integral equation, this paper shows a formulation of fundamental bounds on antenna metrics based on optimal current density. This methodology is applied to two representative and challenging examples. The first example examines Yagi-Uda antenna and compares it with performance limits on Q-factor, radiation efficiency, and directivity. The second example shows how to determine fundamental bounds when a designer has far-field constraints. In their entirety, the examples demonstrate variability and generality of this treatment and also recall the existence of an open-source computational package, which can be used for evaluation of fundamental bounds on various metrics including their mutual trade-offs.