Evaluation of GPSR-based routing protocols in Vehicular ad-hoc network: A case study of Jodhpur city

With the increase in the amount of traffic on the roads, it has become essential to provide safety to drivers, passengers, and pedestrians, which can be done through the development of effective routing protocols for vehicular ad-hoc networks. In this paper, the performance of VANET routing protocols namely GPSR, MM-GPSR, and PA-GPSR has been analyzed under Dense urban and Highway scenarios and by varying the through traffic factor in Jodhpur city using Simulation of Urban Mobility(SUMO) and Network Simulator-version 3(NS-3). Various performance metrics such as the packet loss rate, the average end-to-end delay, and throughput are considered to evaluate the performance of these protocols. This study on GPSR-based routing protocols can be beneficial for society as it can be used in healthcare applications where optimum routing paths can be adopted in emergency situations to provide fast services to the patients by the ambulance in a real-time environment.