Wearable Dual-port MIMO antenna for On-body applications

In this chapter, a conformal MIMO circular patch antenna structure is proposed. Two elements with individual port excitations are presented for obtaining the MIMO arrangement. The antenna is backed by a Jean cloth substrate with relative permittivity 1.6 and a loss tangent of 0.02. The impedance bandwidth concerning -10 dB is achieved from frequency ranges 2.3 GHz to 2.85 GHz covering ISM band (2.4 to 2.5GHz) for On-body applications. The center frequency is 2.58 GHz and the impedance bandwidth observed is 550 MHz. In the proposed antenna structure a double H-shaped stub is introduced on the ground plane for better impedance matching. Important parameters such as Total Active Reflection Coefficient, Mean Effective Gain, Envelope Correlation Coefficient which is responsible for the efficient working of the MIMO are also investigated and are found to be well within the standards with TARC
$< -10\mathbf{dB},\mathbf{MEG}< 3\ \mathbf{dB}$
and ECC
$< 0.5$
. Also, Specific Absorption Rate analysis is carried out by creating the homogenous 3-layer human body model consisting of skin, fat, and muscle layers. The work is carried out using ANSYS High-Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) software.