Effect of Temperature and Relative Humidity on Onion farms and its Monitoring by using IoT Based Smart Farming System

Onion cultivation in many parts of India and Karnataka State have affected by a rapid change in the climatic conditions. The objective of this research paper is to analyse the effect of volatile atmospheric conditions such as temperature and relative humidity (RH) in open and greenhouse farming on onion cultivation and provide an early alert to maintain a favourable environment for better yielding of onion by using a smart farming system. The smart farming system developed by using IoT, is built for monitoring the onion crop with the help of different types of sensors. The data gathered by these sensors are analysed to assess the favourable and adverse effect of the climatic parameters on the onion crop and making decisions for the cultivation of crops or maintain favourable environmental conditions in a greenhouse to minimize the loss due to crop failure. The system also provides an early information to the farmers about the variations in environmental factors and their effect on the crop in different stages of its growth. For an onion crop the variations of these parameters cause the bolting. This unfavourably conditions effect on the quality of the onion produced. The smart framing system proposed is suitable for monitoring the changes in the environmental factors, and to analyse the effect of these parameters both in a greenhouse and open environment. The result obtained by experiments of this research specifies that the percentage bolting is more in an open environment than a greenhouse. The greenhouse will produce a better yielding due to controlled parameters.