Recent Advances in K-SPR Sensors for the Detection of Biomolecules and Microorganisms: A Review

This article summarizes the application of various optical techniques for biological sensing. The presence of abnormal quantities of biomolecules (such as glucose, haemoglobin, etc.) or pathogens (such as viruses or bacteria in body cells) can be used to diagnose any ailment or malfunction of any part of the body. Additionally, the concentration of biomolecules such as glucose and haemoglobin in blood serves as an indicator of the body’s normalcy. Thus, the ability to detect abnormalities in blood or human cells more easily and rapidly can be a boon to society. Optical techniques are one such approach for developing biosensors. The extremely sensitive, label-free, real-time dynamic monitoring capabilities of optical techniques-based sensors have piqued the interest of a large number of researchers. In this paper, we have reviewed the present advancements in the field of prism based SPR biosensors i.e., the Kretschmann SPR (K-SPR) configuration-based biosensors for sensing vital biomolecules in human body like glucose and haemoglobin and microorganism like
Pseudomonas
bacteria.