Retrospect and Prospect on Integrations of Millimeter-Wave Antennas and Non-Millimeter-Wave Antennas to Mobile Phones

Informative retrospect and inspiring prospect on various creative and interesting integrations of millimeter-wave (mm-Wave) and non-mm-Wave antennas to mobile phones from diverse and practical perspectives are innovatively and systematically presented in this article. Therefore, quick and beneficial understanding of reported works can be achieved and further influential developments can be enlightened. The types of the proposed integrations include the printed circuit board (PCB) type, module type, the flexible printed circuit (FPC) type, the exterior type, the hybrid type, and the display type, which are in the discussion order of straightforwardness for solution generation. View angles from the locations, conformality, and transparency of the integration solutions are presented as well to comprehensively compare the six kinds of discussed antenna integrations to mobile phones. Also, an insightful evolution of the analyzed antenna integrations to mobile phones is illustrated as the summary to enable a clearer picture of the solution considerations, features, and trends.