The Selection of Optimal Structure for Stand-Alone Micro-Grid Based on Modeling and Optimization of Distributed Generators

The configuration programming of Distributed Generators (DGs) in a micro-grid (MG) through the achievement of multi-objective is an inevitable and primary issue ahead of micro-grid’s construction. The motivation of this paper is to select the most suitable catalog of MG from DC micro-grid (DC-MG), AC micro-grid (AC-MG), and hybrid MG by means of uncertainties’ models and corresponding DGs’ configurations. The DGs in all catalogs of MG are composed of wind turbine (WT), photovoltaic (PV), biomass generation (BG), and battery energy storage (BES) system. In terms of uncertainties’ models, the proposed mathematical models are combined with multifarious scenarios which are considered the uncertainties of variations in solar irradiance and wind speed, temperature, and load demand. Particularly, this paper also proposes differences in allocations and sizes of all the equipment based on the assumed specific structure for each catalog of MG. Then, the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm III (NSGA-III) is utilized by MATLAB working platform to compute the multi-objective functions associating with the minimized system cost, the loss of power supply probability (LPSP), and the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions for each catalog of MG. Finally, the results and comparisons demonstrate that the AC-MG is the optimal catalog for the case study, which has superiorities of economy and reliability. Although the DC-MG has lower GHG emissions, the AC-MG is the optimal choice after the comprehensive comparisons and analyses depended on three objectives.