Electric Vehicle Progress and Challenges on the Road to Sustainable Transportation

In response to the growing demand for low-carbon technologies, companies are now resorting to developing alternative forms of cleaner and safer energy. This transition requires a collaborative effort, bringing together two specialties; mechanical and electrical, to build an alternative car system. This paper outlines the importance of the use of electric cars and recent developments in their energy chain, their constituents, and their performance. The goal is to compare various types of electric vehicles, analyze their major advantages/disadvantages, and determine their primary energy sources. In terms of energy storage, several challenges remain, including the high cost of using fuel cells and the limited life span of the batteries.