Hierarchical optimization of pumped hydro storage and electrochemical energy storage for new energy accommodation

Due to the output characteristics of wind power and photovoltaic power, large-scale access to wind power and photovoltaic power in the grid will lead to wind and photovoltaic power curtailment. Therefore, it is necessary to use pumped hydro storage and electrochemical energy storage to consume new energy. This study proposes a hierarchical optimization model of pumped hydro storage and electrochemical energy storage in synergistic accommodation of new energy. The upper model is the optimization of pumped storage power station, and the lower model is the optimization of electrochemical energy storage, both aiming to minimize the wind and photovoltaic power curtailment. By rationally arranging pumped hydro storage operation and configuring electrochemical energy storage capacity, the power curtailment can be reduced, thereby increasing the rate of new energy accommodation. The data of a certain power grid’s estimated wind and photovoltaic power curtailment in 2025 is selected for simulation, and the CPLEX solver is used to solve the problem. The simulation results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed model and solution method.