Design of Laparoscopic End Effectors for a Robotic-assisted Minimally Invasive Surgical System

Laparoscopic surgical operation has developed from the conventional or manual type of laparoscopy to that of the robotic-assisted minimally invasive robotic surgery (RMIS). This paper will discuss various laparoscopic tools, their uses and applications. Moreover, the design for the LAPARA’s end effectors, using CATIA 3D model, will be based on actual data and specifications of the standard or conventional surgical tools used in laparoscopic cholecystectomy.