Fused optical couplers: biconical taper

There are many passive components used in modern fiber-optic communication networks. Modern communication technologies such as Passive Optical Network (PON) include optical splitters. Fused optical splitters, also referred to as biconical couplers, are made directly from optical fiber, which is a significant advantage over planar optical splitters, which require photolithography, material sputtering or ion exchange techniques when manufactured. This article considers the process of creating biconical tapers in optical fibers, the dependence of geometric parameters of biconical tapers on technological parameters of the process of heating and stretching optical fibers, as well as the dependence of the distribution of optical radiation over the cross section of biconical tapers in optical fibers corresponding to the specifications of G.652D, G.657A1, G.657A2, G.657B3, on the length of stretching optical fibers.