Study of UWB Near Field Microwave Imaging System for the Diagnosis of Lungs Damage Due to Fluid Accumulations

Lung damages, which is the leading cause of cancer and Covid-19 related death worldwide, can be better treated, and patients' chances of survival increased with early detection and diagnosis. PET (positron emission tomography), cone beam CT, Low dose helical CT, are advanced lung imaging techniques that allow for early diagnosis of smaller pulmonary nodules than normal chest radiography, but with ionizing radiation effect and being costly. In the field of imaging technology, microwave imaging has long been researched in the field of breast and brain. This study presents a review, conducts a feasibility study, and validates the concept of imaging the lungs in a similar manner to the breast and brain. The analysis includes designing a 3D human lung model, microwaves' various elements and factors inspection through the human body using holographic near field imaging, and image processing to estimate the percentage of lung damage. The safety and ionization exposure were also taken into consideration during the overall experiment. The use of microwave energy in various lung diseases is examined, and the basis for fluid detection utilizing microwave water content accumulation is also addressed compared to normal tissues.