An Algorithm for Emulating Photovoltaic Strings With Dynamic Partial Shadowing Capability: A Practical Study

In photovoltaic (PV) systems, a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm is needed to maximize the energy obtained from the PV strings
[1]
,
[2]
. A bad tracking of the maximum power point (MPP) degrades the overall performance of the photovoltaic facilities
[3]
,
[4]
,
[5]
,
[6]
. The panels in a PV string may be working under different operating conditions of irradiance and temperature because of eventual shades produced by near obstacles, different orientation of modules or dusting, resulting in the partial shadowing phenomenon
[7]
,
[8]
.